[Ingcaciso yeNzululwazi]
IiHydrogels ziinethiwekhi zamaketanga e-hydrophilic polymer, abizwa ngokuba zii-colloidal gels, apho amanzi asasazekayo. Isoftware enamacala amathathu kungenxa yemixokelelwane yepolymer ebanjiswe kunye ngokudibanisa umnqamlezo. Ngenxa yokunxibelelana umnqamlezo, ukuthembeka kolwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi ye-hydrogel ayizukuchithwa kukuxinana okuphezulu kwamanzi (doi: 10.1021 / acs.jchemed.6b00389). IiHydrogels nazo zifunxa kakhulu (zinokuqulatha ngaphezulu kwe-90% yamanzi) iinethiwekhi zepolymer zendalo okanye zokwenziwa. Igama elithi "hydrogel" lavela okokuqala kuncwadi ngo-1894 (doi: 10.1007 / BF01830147). Ekuqaleni, uphando kwii-hydrogels lujolise kule nethiwekhi ye-polymer enxibelelene ngokulula ukuze ifunde iimpawu zayo, ezinje ngokudumba / ukudumba i-kinetics kunye ne-equilibrium, ukusasazeka kwe-solute, ukutshintsha kwesigaba sevolumu kunye nokushenxisa ukungqubana, kunye noPhando ngezicelo ezinjalo. Njengophthalmology kunye nokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lophando lwehydrogel, kugxilwe kuko kutshintshile ukusuka kuthungelwano olulula ukuya kwinethiwekhi "yokuphendula". Kule nqanaba, ii-hydrogel ezahlukeneyo ezinokuphendula kutshintsho lweemeko zokusingqongileyo ezifana ne-pH, ubushushu, kunye namandla ombane kunye nemagnethi. Kucetyiswa i-actuator ye-hydrogel ephendula kumandla ombane kunye nemagnethi. Nangona kunjalo, iihydrogels ngelo xesha zihlala zithambe kakhulu okanye zincinci kakhulu, ezinciphisa kakhulu izicelo zazo. Ngokufika kwe-millennium entsha, ii-hydrogels nazo zingene kwixesha elitsha, kunye nophuculo lokuphucula iipropathi zabo zoomatshini. Le mpumelelo ikhokelele kwizifundo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zamanzi e-hydrogel. Kule mihla, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zamachiza ezinokusebenzisa amandla zinokusetyenziselwa ukwenza iihydrogels ezomeleleyo kunezihlunu kunye nentlala. Ukongeza, ikwafezekisa eminye imisebenzi, njengokuziphilisa, iimpendulo ezininzi zokukhuthaza, ukubambelela, ukuthoba okukhulu, njl.njl. amalungu, amayeza okuzihlaziya, njl. (doi: /10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00238).
【Eyona njongo iphambili】
1. I-Scaffold kubunjineli bethishu (doi: 10.1002 / advs.201801664).
2. Xa isetyenziswa njengesikafu, ihydrogel inokuba neeseli zomntu ukulungisa izicwili. Balinganisa imeko-bume encinci ye-3D yeeseli (doi: 10.1039 / C4RA12215).
3.Sebenzisa amaqula aqatywe ihydrogel ngenkcubeko yeseli (doi: 10.1126 / science.1116995).
4. Iihydrogels ezibuthathaka kokusingqongileyo (zikwabizwa ngokuba zii "gels ezikrelekrele" okanye "iigels ezikrelekrele"). Ezi hydrogels zinakho ukubona utshintsho kwi-pH, kwiqondo lobushushu okanye kwimetabolite yoxinzelelo kwaye zikhulule olo tshintsho (doi: 10.1016 / j.jconrel.2015.09.011).
5. I-hydrogel ejojoweyo, enokusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuhambisa amayeza ukunyanga izifo okanye isiphatho seseli ngeenjongo zokuzihlaziya okanye ubunjineli bezicubu (doi: 10.1021 / acs.biomac.9b00769).
6. Inkqubo yokukhutshwa kweziyobisi ngokuzinzileyo. Amandla e-Ionic, i-pH kunye nobushushu bunokusetyenziselwa ukubangela ukulawula ukukhutshwa kweziyobisi (doi: 10.1016 / j.cocis.2010.05.016).
7. Ukubonelela ngokufakwa kwezicubu ze-necrotic kunye ne-fibrotic, ukuthotywa kunye nokususwa
8. IiHydrogels ezisabela kwiimolekyuli ezithile (ezinje ngeglucose okanye iiantigen) zinokusetyenziswa njenge-biosensors okanye i-DDS (doi: 10.1021 / cr500116a).
9. I-diapers ezilahlayo zinokufunxa umchamo okanye zifakwe kwi-napkins yococeko (doi: 10.1016 / j.eurpolymj.2014.11.024).
10. Iilensi zonxibelelwano (i-silicone hydrogel, i-polyacrylamide, i-silicon ene-hydrogel).
11. I-EEG kunye ne-ECG electrode zonyango zisebenzisa iihydrogels ezenziwa ziipholima ezinqamleze umnqamlezo (i-polyethylene oxide, i-polyAMPS kunye ne-polyvinylpyrrolidone).
12. Iziqhushumbisi zeHydrogel.
13. Ulawulo lwarhoqo kunye noxilongo.
14. Ukupakisha kwamachaphaza e-quantum.
15. Ukufakwa kwesifuba (ukuphucula amabele).
16. Iglu.
17. Amasuntswana asetyenziselwa ukugcina ukufuma komhlaba kwiindawo ezomileyo.
18. Ukunxiba ukuphilisa ukutsha okanye amanye amanxeba anzima okupholisa. Inxeba lenxeba iluncedo kakhulu ekudaleni okanye ekugcineni imeko emanzi.
19. Ukugcina iziyobisi kusetyenziso lwangaphandle; ngakumbi iziyobisi ze-ionic ezihanjiswa yi-iontophoresis.
20. Isixhobo esilinganisa izicubu ze-mucosal zezilwanyana, ezisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya iipropathi zokubambelela kwi-mucosal yeenkqubo zokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi (doi: 10.1039 / C5CC02428E).
21. Ukuveliswa kwamandla ombane. Xa idityaniswe nee-ion, inokuhambisa ubushushu kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye neebhetri, kwaye iguqule ubushushu kutshintsho lombane.
【Inkqubela phambili yethu yangoku
Okwangoku, izicelo zethu zehydrogel zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwi-cosmetology kunye nonyango, kwaye sigcina isikhundla esiphambili kwishishini le-hydrogel ekhaya nakumazwe aphesheya ngokweetekhnoloji, kwaye i-QA \ QC ihlala izinzile.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-11-2021